RE: Hand Weights - too risky
Hi, Jeanne!
Couple of musings:
I think heart rate monitors are so popular because they provide exercisers with a concrete number, regardless of how (less-than)meaningful that number might be and regardless of the fact that many factors can affect heart rate, including individual physiology, food and liquid intake, medications, environmental conditions such as heat, cold, humidity, and elevation (that is not an exhaustive list). Just like bathroom scales are so popular because they give a concrete number of the person's body weight, regardless of the fact that the scale does not tell you what's fat, what's lean, what's bone and what's blood. That's why I never take a heart rate during my land workouts, and that's why I never weigh myself.
Re hand weights during step: the research I've seen doesn't object to these because of increased impact, but instead on an increased weight-load at the end of a long lever, which can create uncontrollable momentum for the arms and alter the trunk's ability to stabilize, creating uncontrollable twisting; it can also alter one's gait and stance, which can affect the knees even in a more moderate range of motion.
I know a lot of people use them, but I've never felt the need. If you want to upkick your energy expenditure during step, increase impact or plyo moves that recruit the legs more.
Annette